轉載: Prof Jerome A. Cohen calls for Taiwan's legal scholars to speak out on law reforms 孔傑榮呼籲台灣法律學者為台灣司改盡力(出聲)

昨天注意到此文, 不過找不到原文. 現在找到了, 轉載如下. 中時有中文編譯, 有興趣者自行前往閱讀, 僅摘錄中時最後兩段的翻譯並附於原文後以茲對照.

標題是我翻譯的.

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Professor Jerome A. Cohen calls for Taiwan’s legal scholars to speak out on law reforms , 06.11.2009
An edited version of this text appears in Chinese (繁体中文版）in the China Times (Taiwan) for June 11, 2009. This article is also published in the South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) for June 11, 2009.

Anyone who cares about law and government has to be impressed by visiting Taiwan. Its democratically elected president and legislature, spurred by the interpretations of its independent Constitutional Court, have just ended the power of the police to imprison people without affording them the full protections of the newly revised judicial process.

They have also incorporated the standards of the two major international human rights covenants into Taiwan’s domestic law. The government - in open court - is vigorously prosecuting the reportedly massive corruption of the previous administration.

The long moribund Control Yuan, whose function is to ferret out official misconduct, has come to life, and Taiwan’s lawyers’ associations and civic groups continue to press for further improvements in criminal justice. The island’s free and hyperactive media, essential to the development of the rule of law, enjoy a field day reporting all this.

Yet, surprisingly, a recent intense week in Taipei, spent mostly with legal scholars, left me a bit depressed. As usual in a healthy society, I heard many stimulating critiques of the current situation. Some friends claimed: that ex-president Chen Shui-bian, now a criminal defendant, is being unfairly confined to a miserable detention cell for many months, while others under investigation and indictment for corruption remain free; that the Kuomintang administration of President Ma Ying-jeou is zealously bringing corruption charges against politicians of the Democratic Progressive Party while ignoring the many instances of similar misconduct by KMT officials; that the judge who was ultimately put in charge of the trial of Chen and his family has repeatedly ruled arbitrarily against them; that the legislature failed to enact necessary criminal justice reforms; and so on.

These allegations are troubling, of course. Yet, when I asked my academic friends why more of them - there are a few distinguished exceptions - did not speak out, publish essays and document their concerns, all too often I heard: “What good would it do? We can’t change anything. They won’t listen. Besides, we don’t want to be controversial. People will accuse us of `being too Green’ or sympathising with corruption.” Some seem to be too busy with important research, consulting work or family responsibilities. A few hinted at hopes for government appointments that might be thwarted by controversy.

Such sentiments are understandable, especially in a busy, successful but bitterly divided political environment in which mutual trust and respect are in short supply. Yet Taiwan’s evolving democracy confronts multiple challenges and needs the benefit of all the expertise and wisdom that is available.

It will be difficult to achieve optimum solutions to many major law reform issues without the informed, objective contributions of the island’s best minds. If many of them hold back, for whatever reason, if they fail to take advantage of their hard-earned freedoms to speak out, they put their society’s precious accomplishments at risk.

If Taiwan’s law professors, legal scholars, social scientists and others with unique qualifications to promote public understanding keep silent, they actually exercise fewer freedoms than their counterparts on the repressive mainland, some of whom risk their physical safety, their careers and their family’s well-being by “speaking truth to power”.

「如果台灣的法學教授、法學家、社會學家，和其他具備特殊才幹而能夠促進公眾理解之士，持續沉默下去，他們實際上行使的自由，還比處在高壓中國政權下的知識分子更少。在這些知識分子當中，部分人甚至冒著他們人身安全、個人事業和家庭幸福的危險「向掌權者說真話 （speaking truth to power）」。　

As I listened to Taiwan law professors explain their aversion to the public arena, I thought of mainland friends who are paying dearly for having voiced opposition to dictatorial rule. Kidnappings, beatings, imprisonment, disbarment, loss of jobs, exile and harassment of their spouse and children plague activist academics, as well as lawyers. Yet some persist. Should Taiwan’s legal scholars sit on their hands and seal their mouths? What price private pursuits?

當我聽著台灣法學教授解釋他們對於公共領域的反感時，我想到在中國大陸的朋友，他們因為表明對獨裁統治的反對而付出了沉重的代價。被綁架、毆打、監禁、喪失律師執業資格、失去工作、遭流放、其配偶和子女被騷擾，這一切的一切折磨著直言倡議的學者和律師。然而，始終有一些人堅定不移。 」

轉載: 給馬總統的一封信 Open letter 4.: Open letter to Taiwan’s president (updated on 6/12)

大概生活安樂, 不想貼太嚴肅的新聞, 遲了好幾天才轉貼此文.

這是第四封公開信, 原來發表的時間是馬先生就職一年的"慶祝文", 原文在此.

6/11: 我在友站翻譯部分公開信,有興趣者可參考
6/12: 我真是後知後覺, 今天才發現有留言, 這裡有中文版.
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Thursday, May 21, 2009

Dear President Ma,

On the occasion of the first anniversary of your presidency, we, the undersigned, scholars and writers from the US, Canada, Europe and Australia, wish to publicly address our concerns to you about a number of trends in Taiwan, as well as several specific developments.

We raise these issues as international supporters of Taiwan's democracy who care deeply about the country and its future as a free and democratic nation-state. As you recall, we voiced concerns on three previous occasions, most recently in a letter to you, Mr. President, dated Jan. 17, 2009, in which we expressed our concern regarding the fairness of the judicial system in Taiwan.

These concerns have not been alleviated by either the response from Government Information Office Minister Su Jun-pin (蘇俊賓) or the cessation of troubling, flawed and partial judicial proceedings, in particular involving the case of former president Chen Shui-bian (陳水扁).

We reiterate that any alleged corruption must be investigated, but emphasize that the judicial process needs to be scrupulously fair and impartial. In the case of the former president, it is evident that the prosecution is heavily tainted by political bias, and that the former president is being treated badly out of spite for the political views and the positions he took during his presidency. Such retribution does not bode well for a young and fragile democracy, as Taiwan is.

The second issue that we feel we need to highlight is press freedom. In spite of earlier expressions of concern by international organizations such as the Committee to Protect Journalists and Freedom House, there continue to be reports of impingement on press freedom by your administration. A case in point is the recent disturbing report that Central News Agency staffs were instructed to write only "positive" stories about the policies of your administration, and that reports containing criticism of your administration or China were excised.

As supporters of a free and democratic Taiwan it is disheartening to see that in the annual report on press freedom by the New York-based Freedom House, Taiwan dropped from 32nd to 43rd place. In addition, it is disconcerting to see reports that groups with close ties to China are buying their way into Taiwan's media circles, gaining a controlling voice in major publications such as the China Times. We need to remind ourselves that China is still an authoritarian state with a long history of control of the news media. Its financial influence in Taiwan¡¯s free press will in the long run be detrimental to hard-won freedoms.

This leads us to a third general issue: the means by which rapprochement with China is being pursued. While most people in Taiwan and overseas agree that a reduction of tension in the Taiwan Strait is beneficial, it is crucial to do this in a manner befitting a democratic nation: with openness and full public debate. Only if there is sufficient transparency and true dialogue--both in the Legislative Yuan and in society as a whole--will the result be supported by a significant majority of the people.

Transparency and true dialogue have been lacking in the process. Decisions and agreements are arrived at in secrecy and then simply announced to the public. The Legislative Yuan seems to have been sidelined, having little input in the form or content of the agreements, such as the proposed economic cooperation framework agreement (ECFA). The administration simply sends to the legislature the texts agreed to in the negotiations with the People¡¯s Republic of China, allowing virtually no possibility of discussion of the pros and cons of such agreements. This undermines the system of checks and balances, which is so essential to a mature democracy. We may mention that recent opinion polls show overwhelming support for a referendum on an ECFA and for better legislative oversight of China policy.

Mr. President, as international scholars and writers who have followed Taiwan¡¯s impressive transition to democracy during the past two decades, we know the sensitivity in Taiwan of the issue of relations with China. Rapprochement needs to be carried out in a way that ensures that the achievements of the democratic movement are safeguarded, that the political divide within Taiwan is reduced and that Taiwan's sovereignty, human rights and democracy are protected and strengthened.

However, during the past year we have seen that the policies of your administration are being implemented in a way that is causing deep anxiety, particularly among many who fought for Taiwan's democracy two decades ago. This was evident in the large-scale rallies held in Taipei and Kaohsiung on Sunday.

We have also seen a further polarization in society due to the lack of transparency and democratic checks and balances. Many observers believe that the rapprochement with China has occurred at the expense of Taiwan's sovereignty, democracy and freedoms. To some, the judicial practices and police behavior toward those who criticize your policies are even reminiscent of the dark days of martial law.

In this respect, symbols are important. It does not help that your administration has renamed National Taiwan Democracy Memorial Hall in Taipei back to Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall. It doesn't bolster your case that the funding for the Chingmei Human Rights Memorial in Sindian (新店) has been cut drastically and that the location is being turned into a "cultural" park. It doesn't help that changes are being made to the Assembly and Parade Act (集會遊行法) that infringe on freedoms of protesters instead of enhancing freedom of speech.

Mr. President, we appeal to you to take measures that alleviate these concerns. A first step would be to initiate and implement reforms in the judicial system that safeguard the human rights of the accused and ensure a fair trial. A second step would be to guarantee complete press freedom, and instill in those engaged in the media the determination to live up to the highest standards.

Thirdly, rapprochement with China needs to be brought about in such a way that the people of Taiwan have a full say in determining their future as a free and democratic nation. Closed-door deals that bring Taiwan increasingly into China's sphere of influence are detrimental to Taiwan's future and undermine the democratic fabric of society.

Due to its complex history, Taiwan has not had the opportunity to be accepted as a full and equal member of the international family of nations. We believe the people of Taiwan have worked hard for their democracy, and that the international community should accept Taiwan in its midst. Your actions and policies can help the island and its people move in the right direction. We urge you to do so.

Respectfully yours,

NAT BELLOCCHI, Former chairman, American Institute in Taiwan

COEN BLAAUW, Formosan Association for Public Affairs, Washington

STšŠPHANE CORCUFF, Associate Professor of Political Science, China and Taiwan Studies, University of Lyon

GORDON G. CHANG, Author, The Coming Collapse of China

JUNE TEUFEL DREYER, Professor of Political Science, University of Miami

MICHAEL DANIELSEN, Chairman, Taiwan Corner, Copenhagen, Denmark

TERRI GILES, Executive Director, Formosa Foundation, Los Angeles

BRUCE JACOBS, Professor of Asian Languages and Studies, Monash University

RICHARD C. KAGAN, Professor Emeritus of History, Hamline University

JEROME F. KEATING, Author and associate professor (ret.), National Taipei University

DAVID KILGOUR, Former Canadian member of parliament and secretary of state for the Asia-Pacific

LIU SHIH-CHUNG, Visiting Fellow, The Brookings Institution, Washington

MICHAEL RAND HOARE, Emeritus Reader at the University of London, Great Britain

VICTOR H. MAIR, Professor of Chinese Language and Literature, University of Pennsylvania

DONALD RODGERS, Associate Professor of Political Science, Austin College

TERENCE RUSSELL, Associate Professor of Chinese Language and Literature, University of Manitoba

CHRISTIAN SCHAFFERER, Associate Professor, Department of International Trade, Overseas Chinese Institute of Technology; and Editor, Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia

MICHAEL STAINTON, York Center for Asia Research, Toronto, Canada

PETER CHOW, Professor of Economics, City College of New York

PETER TAGUE, Professor of Law, Georgetown University

JOHN J. TKACIK JR. , Former senior research fellow, The Heritage Foundation, Washington

ARTHUR WALDRON, Lauder Professor of International Relations, University of Pennsylvania

VINCENT WEI-CHENG WANG, Professor of Political Science, University of Richmond

GERRIT VAN DER WEES, Editor, Taiwan CommuniqušŠ

MICHAEL YAHUDA, Professor Emeritus, London School of Economics, and Visiting Scholar, George Washington University

STEPHEN YATES, President, DC Asia Advisory, and former deputy assistant to the US vice president for national security affairs

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延伸閱讀　extended reading:
KMT policy making Taiwan less secure

鮮蝦雲吞: 第一批收成的結果之一

之前講過,我非常討厭香菜的味道. 在台灣吃羹的時候我都會交代老闆不要放香菜,萬一有老闆忘記放了香菜,我會一根根挑出才開始吃羹. 不小心吃到漏網之魚我也會把它吐出來. 我喜歡吃辣,川菜裡也會用到香菜,但即使有辣味,對我來講還是無法掩蓋香菜噁心的味道. 在菜園裡自己長出來的香菜是被我當驅蟲用的, 因為香菜還有茴香有強烈的氣味故. 因為不喜歡香菜的味道, 連把它拔除都不想, 因為這樣手上會有香菜味,會讓我覺得很噁心. 就因為如此, 去年田裡自己長的香菜我一直不理不睬,任憑它開花結果,風一吹,果(種子)掉滿地於是今年才又自己冒出一堆.

這樣知道我厭惡香菜的程度了吧?

香菜因此一直是我的拒絕往來物, 直到上次在密西根去朋友家.　朋友常常找我們去她們家裡吃飯聊天. 某次去的早,問她有什麼可以幫忙的. 她要我們幫忙包鮮蝦雲吞. 當時我看到香菜是內餡材料之一,想說包完要嘛不吃要嘛把香菜挑出來就是了.

出乎意料的, 一口咬下去竟然沒有對我來說噁心的香菜味,反而把蝦子的鮮味提出來. 於是這次菜園裡自己長出來的香菜終於有了驅蟲外的第二個功能: 包雲吞.

先煮幾顆來吃吃

更多照片見MSN版

in memory of 6-4 紀念六四: Twitter Service Blocked in China, Users Say

四月底的時候中國政府全面封鎖Plurk, 那時候我寫了一篇很短的網誌,提到說下一個被合諧掉的也許是twitter.

現在,快要六四了, 中國的Twitter使用者說無法登入twitter. 純屬時機巧合? 應該不是.Times 的報導下的標題是: Chinese censors cut off Twitter, Hotmail and Flickr.

僅轉載此文以紀念六四.

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Twitter Service Blocked in China, Users Say

June 03, 2009
By SKY CANAVES and JESSICA E. VASCELLARO ,WSJ

Twitter Inc. users across China reported that the popular networking service appeared to be blocked Tuesday, two days ahead of the sensitive 20th anniversary of the military crackdown on pro-democracy protesters at Tiananmen Square.

If the site is being blocked by government censors, as many users suspect, it would mark the first time that Twitter has been widely inaccessible to users in China.

The so-called microblogging service, which garnered attention domestically during the immediate aftermath of last year's earthquake in Sichuan, hasn't previously been subject to restrictions in China. As a result, a number of prominent Chinese activists use Twitter regularly, either under their own names or using aliases.

Still, it's often difficult to tell whether a Web site has been purposely blocked by Chinese authorities, if other technical problems are to blame, or if services are blocked only in certain areas.

Officials at the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, China's main media regulator, couldn't be reached late Tuesday, when word of the outages first spread. Chinese regulators in the past have declined to comment on potential stoppages.

A Twitter spokeswoman didn't have an immediate comment and couldn't confirm whether the service was blocked in China.

Sites that include large amounts of user-generated content are intermittently unavailable to users in China, especially around important government meetings or anniversaries. YouTube, Google Inc.'s video-sharing site, has been blocked for several weeks in China and remains so, a Google spokesman said Tuesday.

Some users said it was still possible to use Twitter through certain software applications, such as Seesmic, that allow users to send and receive messages without directly using the Twitter.com Web site. But users trying to access their Twitter accounts through other programs said they encountered problems. Fanfou.com, a popular domestic site that is similar to Twitter, appeared to be functioning normally on Tuesday.

Twitter has given the Internet-savvy in China another new platform to voice complaints and race ahead of state-controlled news media platforms. The development of Internet channels has pressured the government to respond to news faster.

Also Tuesday, a magazine published by the official Xinhua news service called on local governments to respond more quickly and develop a greater online presence to respond to popular online movements.

The Chinese government considers the 1989 pro-democracy protests to have been a counterrevolutionary riot, and further discussion of them remains taboo. The police presence around Tiananmen Square has increased, and on Tuesday the Foreign Correspondents Club of China issued a statement protesting restrictions on journalists attempting to cover the anniversary.

In recent weeks, activist groups have reported a tightening of security in China, linking it to the coming anniversary. Human Rights in China, based in New York, said that authorities detained Wu Gaoxing, a free-lance writer from Taizhou in Zhejiang province, who co-wrote an open letter to China's top leaders recently asking for equal rights and social security for ex-Tiananmen Square prisoners. China's Ministry of Public Security deferred requests for comment to Taizhou's local public security bureau, which declined to answer any questions.

Word of Twitter's outage became a popular subject on the service's site Tuesday. A number of users adopted an obscene variant of a hash tag derived from the acronym for the Great Firewall, the nickname for China's Internet censorship efforts. Hash tags are used on Twitter to mark and link to similar posts.—Loretta Chao in Beijing contributed to this article.

Write to Sky Canaves at sky.canaves@wsj.com and Jessica E. Vascellaro at jessica.vascellaro@wsj.com Printed in The Wall Street Journal, page A4

觀NBA有感

以前我是不看NBA的, 自從開始看NBA, 我的唯一支持隊伍今年第一次沒有打進季後賽. 於是,我成了一個旁觀者.

對一個旁觀者而言, 今年的NBA很有趣.

美國的職業運動一直很興盛. 可能跟民情有關, 可能跟資本主義發展也有關. 職業運動得興盛需要很多周邊的配合--例如媒體轉播,球迷觀賞,周邊商品, 運動用品與明星球員代言以增加商品的市佔率等等.

NBA下的明星球員幾乎是100%為Nike代言.

這場對很多人意外的比賽結果把近年竄起的明星之一LeBron James送去放暑假, 也把他代言的Nike酸了好一下. 很有趣的一篇報導.

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Howard pours in 40 as Magic make 1st Finals appearance since '95

Associated Press

ORLANDO, Fla. -- The Orlando Magic never gave in. They didn't buckle when their starting point guard went down with a season-ending injury. They regrouped when their frustrated superstar called out their coach. They stood up to the Boston Celtics. They sent LeBron James home.

They fought -- all the way to the NBA Finals.

Kobe vs. LeBron?

Not this year.

Dwight Howard dominated inside for 40 points, Rashard Lewis added 18 and the overlooked Magic wrecked the Kobe-LeBron dream finals with a 103-90 victory over James and the Cleveland Cavaliers in Game 6 to win the Eastern Conference championship Saturday night.
Fourteen frustrating years since their last appearance, the Magic are back from ruin.

"I don't think people thought we could be at this level," coach Stan Van Gundy said.
The Magic will be making their first finals appearance since 1995, one year before Shaquille O'Neal bolted as a free agent for Los Angeles and wrecked the franchise. Six years ago they won just 21 games, a low point that helped them draft Howard with No. 1 pick.

It's been a long, slow climb back, but Orlando has been rebuilt and will meet the Lakers on Thursday night at the Staples Center in Game 1.

Disney World vs. Disneyland.

Oh, and memo to Nike executives: It's time to break out the Howard puppet. LeBron's can go in summer storage.

For now, the only matchup between James and Lakers superstar Bryant will have to be limited to those cute TV commercials.

With the city's most famous athlete, Tiger Woods, sitting courtside, Orlando dropped 12 3-pointers and made believers of all those who wondered if they were better than the Cavaliers, a team that won 66 games in the regular season, or the defending champion Celtics.

The Magic made both disappear.

"For us as a team, we understand how everybody has talked about us for the last couple of years," Howard said. "We can beat anybody."

James scored 25 in his worst game of the series, but the 24-year-old MVP was magnificent for most of it, adding to a legacy still in its infancy. But Mo Williams lost his shooting touch and Cleveland's bench was badly outplayed by Orlando's reserves.

Afterward, James put on headphones and stormed out of Amway Arena.

He skipped the news conference and briskly walked down the corridor with two security guards as escorts. He plopped into a chair to be scanned for the team's charter plane ride, grabbed his bags and was gone -- a special season ending in stunning disappointment.

Delonte West added 22 and Williams, who guaranteed the Cavs would come back and win the series, 17 for Cleveland, which went 0-5 in Orlando.

"We had one goal and we came up short," Cavs coach Mike Brown said.

During the closing minutes, James was mocked by Orlando's crowd singing "M-V-P" as Howard shot free throws.

After Superman muscled underneath for a thunderous dunk with 2:21 left, the crowd moved into finals mode chanting, "Beat L.A.!"

Howard's one flaw has been his free-throw shooting, but he made 12 of 16 in Game 6.
Inside. Outside. The Magic had it all.

Cleveland may have had the best player. Orlando had the better team.

"Everybody's hurting," Cavs guard Daniel Gibson said. "It's hard watching the dream go away with every 3-point shot they made."

The Magic's season hasn't been without its share of turmoil. Jameer Nelson sustained a season-ending shoulder injury in early February, a setback that at the time seemed as if it would prevent Orlando from doing anything this year.

But general manager Otis Smith acquired guard Rafer Alston from Houston. Alston, a former playground legend, fit in perfectly. In the opening round against Philadelphia, the Magic lost the opener before rebounding and winning a close-out Game 6 on the road.

Then, following Game 5 of the Boston series, Howard called out Van Gundy for not getting him the ball enough and challenged his substitution patterns. The Magic shook off that spat, too, winning two straight, including Game 7 on Boston's parquet.

In the conference finals, they beat Cleveland with a devastating mix of inside power and outside firepower.

"This team has fought really, really hard," Van Gundy said. "Our reward is you get to go from preparing for LeBron to preparing for Kobe. I'm not doing that tonight."

This was supposed to be the Cavs' season. But there will be no title, and once again Cleveland fans will feel nothing but heartache as they wait for one of their city's teams to end a 45-year championship drought.

In the first half, the Cavaliers couldn't stop Howard and the shoot-first-ask-questions-later Magic took turns launching 3s while building an 18-point halftime lead.

"When they get it going, they are really tough," Ben Wallace said.

On Cleveland's last possession before the half, James missed a short runner while being knocked to the floor. He sat there in disbelief, looking for a call, looking for help, looking lost.

Cleveland's coaching staff barked at the officials and Brown was assessed a technical.

When the Cavs came back out after halftime, Howard was practicing free throws. As he walked toward Cleveland's bench, injured forward Lorenzen Wright, dressed in a suit, jumped up and grabbed the net and tried to knock out one of Howard's shots.

It dropped in anyway, another symbolic moment.

A little more Magic.

Game notesWoods, who shares a Dec. 30 birthday with James, was back after missing Game 4. Florida quarterback Tim Tebow was also in the house. ... James expects he and Howard -- Olympic teammates -- meeting in the postseason could become an annual event. "It's not the first time we'll see each other on this platform," he said.

Copyright by STATS LLC and The Associated Press

Blowin' in the wind

前言:

四月的時候因為看到一首現代詩(?)聯想到一首美國民歌: blowin' in the wind. 那時寫的草稿埋沒在MSN的草稿裡. 前兩天收到一封電子郵件又是在介紹這首歌,於是想到這篇. 現在把它寫完放上來.

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再過幾天(五月24日)就生日的Bob Dylan, 是Blowin' in the Wind的創作者, Bob Dylan出生在明尼蘇達北邊的Duluth. 很多MN的早期住民都是移民,尤其是那些很冷的國家(北歐啊,前蘇聯啊等)移民過來的. Bob Dylan的祖父母也不例外. 他們原是前蘇聯移民到MN的猶太人. 到了1959年他搬到雙城市並成為明尼蘇達大學的學生.人們總是比較關注自己週遭或是與自己有關聯的消息, 也許如此當我看到文後所附的現代詩才會想到這首歌?

音韻相似也是讓我聯想到這首歌的原因之一. 我把讓感覺音韻相似的部份對照如下:

詩:

一百年的歲月，能留下多少痕跡？

一百年的歷史，能寫下多少故事？


歌:

How many roads must a man walk down 一個男人得走過多少路 ?Before they call him a man 在他被稱為男子漢之前?

和第二段歌詞的開始
How many times must a man look up 一個人得仰望幾次 ?Before he can see the sky 才能看得見藍天?

另外一個有趣的巧合是現代詩描寫的"偉人"曾經在前蘇聯生活一段時間, 和Bob Dylan出身有關. 也許如此, 看到那首現代詩才會讓我聯想到這首歌?

不僅如此, 當時看到那首現代詩的過後幾天在紐約時報(NY Times)看到一篇很有趣的文章講的是莎士比亞的一些作品被懷疑根本不是莎翁本人所做. Blow in the Wind這首歌也曾經被不實指控是Bob Dylan剽竊一個高中生的作品. 不過後來證實這個指控根本是莫須有的.

那首現代詩放在本文最後.

以下是收到電子郵件的原文:

這是美國民歌史上最重要的作品之一，原作者是被公認為民歌一代宗師的 Bob Dylan，不過第一個把它唱紅的卻是 Peter , Paul & Mary三重唱，並且在 1963年奪得全美排行的亞軍。

第二次世界大戰，使得所有參戰國都元氣大傷，美國也不例外。戰後的新生代由於不願重蹈父兄的覆轍，建立起了新的價值觀，對於上一代所喜愛的一切，幾乎全盤予以否定，甚至開創了全新的搖滾文化。1957年，越戰爆發，美國介入了這場戰爭，投入大量人力、物力，還派遣子弟兵遠渡重洋，前往越南戰場，造成了慘重的傷亡，因此美國社會掀起了一股反戰的熱潮。在這同時，民歌也開始在全美各地校園流行起來，許多知識青年不僅利用他們所創作的民歌發表抗議的聲音，更積極的加入示威的群眾運動。Bob Dylan在傳奇性的民歌宗師 Woody Guthrie啟迪下進入民歌界，很快的以獨特的風格在格林威治村以及各大校園受到注意。1962年四月，他以深具內涵的創作技巧譜出「Blowing in the Wind」的時候，才是個二十剛出頭的小夥子。這是他最早的「抗議歌曲」，對人們傳統觀念中「男子漢」的定義提出了質疑，希望世人能以和平而理性的態度來解決爭端，不要再對世間的不幸視而不見、聽而不聞，更不要再讓無辜的人們繼續喪生在戰火之中。

不過，儘管 Bob Dylan的創作內涵受到了肯定，他的歌喉卻實在不討喜，因此他早期的好些作品都是藉由其他藝人的歌聲才成名的，其中又以 Peter , Paul & Mary功勞最大，連續唱紅了好幾首他的作品。這支三重唱也是美國民歌史上最重要的團體之一，除了完美的和聲之外，三位團員積極參與各種抗議的群眾運動，數十年如一日，堅持的信念跟態度跟他們的歌聲一樣出名。他們成立於 1961年，「Blowing in the Wind」也是他們藉以成名的最重要作品之一。

Blowin' in the wind 飄在風中
How many roads must a man walk down 一個男人得走過多少路
Before they call him a man 在他被稱為男子漢之前
How many seas must a white dove sail 一隻白鴿得飛過多少座海洋
Before she sleeps in the sand 才能在沙灘上安睡
How many times must the cannon balls fly 加農砲還得發射多少次
Before they're forever banned 才會被永遠禁止
The answer, my friend, is blowing in the wind 答案啊！朋友，就飄在風裡
The answer is blowing in the wind 答案飄在茫茫的風裡

How many years must a mountain exist 一座山能存在多久
Before it is washed to the sea 在它被沖刷入海之前
How many years can some people exist 人們究竟能存活多少年
Before they're allowed to be free 在他們獲得自由以前
How many times can a man turn his head 一個人能掉過頭去幾次
And pretend that he just doesn't see 假裝他視而不見
The answer, my friend, is blowing in the wind 答案啊！朋友，飄在風裡
The answer is blowing in the wind 答案就飄在茫茫的風裡
How many times must a man look up 一個人得仰望幾次
Before he can see the sky 才能看得見藍天
How many ears must one man have 一個人得有多少雙耳朵
Before he can hear people cry 才能聽見人們的哭泣
How many deaths will it take 還得有多少人死亡
'Till he knows that too many people have died 他才能明白已有太多人喪生
The answer, my friend, is blowing in the wind 答案啊！朋友，飄在風裡
The answer is blowing in the wind 答案就飄在茫茫的風裡

以下則是讓我聯想到這首歌的現代詩, 燈塔. 不知什麼原因我總覺得和Blowin' in the Wind 很相似啊? 有人和我想法一樣的嗎?


「燈塔」全文如下：

一百年的歲月，能留下多少痕跡？

一百年的歷史，能寫下多少故事？

我卻看見你，一個平凡的生命， 走過最艱難的時光，挺立成永恆的燈塔。在俄羅斯古老的大地，你磨練自己， 像礦工，尋找中國未來的燃煤。

在贛南，你深入最貧困的家庭， 想建設公平幸福的人間。

在上海，你和特權戰鬥， 凸顯清廉正直的價值。

在舟山群島，你帶領軍民大撤退， 在戰火中，保存著最頑強的意志。

在中橫，你夜宿在寒冷的荒山， 用平凡的雙手，開鑿出連結勇氣與毅力的道路。

在全球石油危機的風暴中，你把風雨變成動力， 推動十大建設，創造經濟奇蹟。

在民主改革的道路上，你毅然改寫歷史， 讓自由成為台灣永恆的價值。

在兩岸長久的隔絕中，你開放探親， 讓親情重新連結，讓歷史走出更寬廣的道路。在每一個你曾走過的台灣鄉村， 在每一塊你建設過的土地上， 你不曾留下痕跡，唯一留下的， 是人們擁有了更好的生活。

我們恆久的紀念你，在自己的心中。像一座燈塔，照亮我們奮鬥的方向。

我們會帶著你的智慧、愛心和勇氣，在風暴中成長 。

未來的孩子將會記得你平凡的背影， 你像夕陽，雖然西下，卻留下滿天金色的光芒。 980409

不完美的結局: 學生作弊(revised on 5/20)

話說本人在此學校第一次正式教課竟然是以抓學生作弊為結束, 實在是很無言. 比起之前在另一間不怎樣的學校教書,學生還可愛點.

作弊(1):發現

作弊(2):硬凹

作弊(3):逆轉

作弊(4):尾聲

作弊(5):外篇

發芽

播種三週, 這兩天終於看到動靜. 更新請見

發芽了

南瓜與番茄

（轉載:自由之家）New Study: Global Press Freedom Declines in Every Region for First Time Israel, Italy and Hong Kong Lose Free Status

這對成龍來說應該是好消息吧! 香港首次從自由退到部份自由(Hong Kong slipped to Partly Free ), 而中國維持為最大的媒體自由壓迫者(remain the world's largest repressor of media freedom). 台灣的新聞自由倒退, 因政府壓迫故(Media in Taiwan faced assault and growing government pressure). 恭喜馬政府，不到一年壓迫媒體的努力就得到國際矚目，交出亮麗成績單!果然是有國際觀的人啊！

詳見此.

PS/我要讓齊瑪曼佔據多一點的時間啦!

齊瑪曼 / Zimerman, Krystian

Photo: Krystian Zimerman in 2005. Credit: Kasslara. (source: LA Times)

照片中的齊瑪曼是誰? 齊瑪曼 / Zimerman, Krystian）是波瀾籍的鋼琴演奏家. 雖然有他的ＣＤ，波瀾的鋼琴家我有接觸的實在不多. 除了蕭邦(而且蕭邦的國籍其實是法國)之外, 就是之前的電影鋼琴師(Pianist).

最近他又和美國槓上了! 第一次是在911之後為他客製的鋼琴在他降落於紐約甘迺迪機場後立即被沒收.那鋼琴本來是他要在卡內基演奏廳演奏用。因為不滿布希的對外政策, 布希任內他不再踏上美國演奏. 他讓我想到前年過世的人權音樂家--羅斯托波維奇.

最近這一次是他用這種不尋常的方式來宣告這將是近年最後一次他在美國的演奏. 原因是他不滿美國在波瀾的飛彈部署, 這句"別染指我的國家"(“Get your hands off of my country,” )簡短卻清楚. 巧的是, 羅氏過世剛好是4/27, 和齊瑪曼在洛杉磯演奏時發表評論這件事情同一天.

看到這篇新聞, 心裡湧起兩個感概. 一個和台灣有關, 另一個和美國有關.

第一個是: 全世界對於飛彈指向自己國家的人不生氣,還心存感激的有馬先生, 可悲的是他竟然是這個被他國飛彈威脅受害國之領導人; 先後用會談, 用主權向中國乞得用Chinese Taipei之名得一年參予WHA之後, 似乎以為全國百姓都不知道這一年觀察員的資格如何取得, 還要向全國人民發表得意洋洋的演說，表示這是莫大的成就。頗有齊人之味: "卒之東郭墦間之祭者，乞其餘；不足，又顧而之他", "而良人未之知也，施施從外來，驕其妻妾。 "



第二個和美國有關的感概又有兩部份. 第一部份和歐巴馬的政策有關. 雖然歐巴馬說這個飛彈部署的目的, 但事實上和布希政府的政策有多少差別呢? 這個在去年十一月他當選後我在不開放的部落格寫了兩篇分別講我對經濟,社會與國際關係的想法, 就不多說了. 第二個是我對美國台下觀眾的敬佩. 不管是那些為他喝采者, 或是要他閉嘴者. 前者和他一樣,認為美國不該到處干預, 認同他的評論, 後者和他愛波瀾一樣--愛戴自己國家--美國.

我不知道這種事情如果發生在台灣, 台灣的觀眾會做何反應? 台灣的主辦單位又是做何反應? 大概會很不同吧? 不是台灣人的成龍(Jackie Chan)發表那種中國人, 不是台灣人,需要被管的言論都可以繼續當聽障代言人, 台北市也繼續挺這種自己下半身都管不住的戲子,還能期待什麼呢?

以下為洛杉磯時報接連兩天的報導.

LA TIMES



What led to Krystian Zimerman's surprising comments, walkouts
6:03 AM, April 28, 2009

Polish pianist Krystian Zimerman, who is widely admired for his virtuosic performances and who famously tours with his own custom-altered Steinway, created a furor at Disney Hall on Sunday night when he stopped his recital to announce that this would be his last American appearance -- in protest of the nation's military policies overseas.In a low voice that could not be heard throughout the auditorium, Zimerman, universally considered among the world's finest pianists, made reference to Guantanamo Bay and U.S. military policies toward Poland. "Get your hands off my country," he said.
[後略]

這是前一天洛杉磯時報的報導--
Krystian Zimerman's shocking Disney Hall debut
12:24 AM, April 27, 2009

Poland's Krystian Zimerman, widely regarded as one of the finest pianists in the world, created a furor Sunday night in his debut at Walt Disney Concert Hall when he announced this would be his last performance in America because of the nation's military policies overseas.

Before playing the final work on his recital, Karol Szymanowski’s "Variations on a Polish Folk Theme," Zimerman sat silently at the piano for a moment, almost began to play, but then turned to the audience. In a quiet but angry voice that did not project well, he indicated that he could no longer play in a country whose military wants to control the whole world.

“Get your hands off of my country,” he said. He also made reference to the U.S. military detention camp in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.

About 30 or 40 people in the audience walked out, some shouting obscenities. “Yes,” he answered, “some people when they hear the word military start marching.”
Others remained but booed or yelled for him to shut up and play the piano. But many more cheered. Zimerman responded by saying that America has far finer things to export than the military, and he thanked those who support democracy.

For the first half of the recital, Zimerman had played a Bach Partita and Beethoven’s last piano sonata, Opus 111, with firm determination. After intermission he made a last minute substitution, exchanging late Brahms works for a 1953 sonata by Polish composer Grazyna Bacewicz. The Szymanowski variations, which closed the program, was played with an astonishing ferocity that brought nothing but tumultuous cheers. There was no encore.
The pianist was not available after the concert for further comment.

Zimerman has had problems in the United States in recent years. He travels with his own Steinway piano, which he has altered himself. But shortly after 9/11, the instrument was confiscated at JFK Airport when he landed in New York to give a recital at Carnegie Hall. Thinking the glue smelled funny, the TSA decided to take no chances and destroyed the instrument. Since then he has shipped his pianos in parts, which he reassembles by hand after he lands. He also drives the truck himself when he carries his instrument from city to city over land, as he did after playing a recital in Berkeley on Friday.

MONDAY UPDATE: Review: Krystian Zimerman's controversial appearance at Disney Hall
TUESDAY UPDATE: What led to Krystian Zimerman's surprising comments, walkouts
-- Mark Swed
Photo: Krystian Zimerman in 2005. Credit: Kasslara.

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延伸閱讀：　
英國衛報Ｇｕａｒｄｉａｎ：　In praise of ... Krystian Zimerman
白夜, 悼羅斯托波維奇